Ocular Toxicity of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibitors

Inactivation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway reduces caspase-14 expression in impaired keratinocytes

Objective(s):Several investigations have revealed that caspase-14 is responsible for the epidermal differentiation and cornification, as well as the regulation of moisturizing effect. However, the precise regulation mechanism is still not clear. This study was aimed to investigate the expression of caspase-14 in filaggrin-deficient normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and to explore the...

Targeting the RAS pathway by mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors.

Targeting of oncogenic driver mutations with small-molecule inhibitors resulted in powerful treatment options for cancer patients in recent years. The RAS (rat sarcoma) pathway is among the most frequently mutated pathways in human cancer. Whereas targeting mutant Kirsten RAS (KRAS) remains difficult, mutant B rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (BRAF) kinase is an established drug target in cance...

Redox-dependent dimerization of p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3

The kinase p38α MAPK (p38α) plays a pivotal role in many biological processes. p38α is activated by canonical upstream kinases that phosphorylate the activation region. The purpose of our study was to determine whether such activation may depend on redox-sensing cysteines within p38α. p38α was activated and formed a disulfide-bound heterodimer with MAP2K3 (MKK3) in rat cardiomyocytes and isolat...

Ocular Toxicity of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To review common tyrosine kinase inhibitors, as well as their ocular side effects and management.
. DATA SOURCES A comprehensive literature search was conducted using CINAHL®, PubMed, and Cochrane databases for articles published since 2004 with the following search terms. DATA SYNTHESIS Tyrosine kinase inhibitors can cause significant eye toxicity.
. CONCLUSIONS Given ...

Increased Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase